Biography of Mary Boleyn, the Boleyn Survivor

Mary Boleyn (ca. 1499/1500–July 19, 1543) was a courtier and noblewoman at the court of Henry VIII of England. She was one of the king’s earlier mistresses before being supplanted by her sister Anne and marrying a soldier with little income. However, her absence from court allowed her to escape blame when her sister fell, and she was permitted to inherit what remained of the Boleyn property and fortune. Fast Facts: Mary Boleyn Occupation: CourtierKnown For: Sister of Anne Boleyn, mistress of King Henry VIII, and survivor of the Boleyns downfallBorn: circa 1499/1500 in Norfolk, EnglandDied: July 19, 1543 in EnglandSpouse(s): Sir William Carey (m. 1520-1528); William Stafford (m. 1534-1543)Children: Catherine Carey Knollys, Henry Carey, Edward Stafford, Anne Stafford Early Life in England and France Because of the shoddy record-keeping in the Tudor era, historians cannot pinpoint Mary’s exact date of birth or even her place in the birth order among the three Boleyn siblings. Most agree, however, that she was born around 1499 or 1500 at the Boleyn family home, Blickling Hall in Norfolk, and that she was the eldest child of Thomas Boleyn and his wife Katherine, nà ©e Lady Katherine Howard. The couple soon had another daughter, Anne, and a son, George. Mary was educated at her family’s primary seat, Hever Castle in Kent, along with her siblings. Her education consisted of basic school subjects such as math, history, reading, and writing, as well as the various skills and crafts required of a lady of noble birth, such as embroidery, music, etiquette, and dancing. When she was about fifteen, Mary’s father secured her a position in the royal court of France as a maid of honor to Princess Mary Tudor, soon to be Queen Mary of France. A Royal Mistress Twice Over Although young, Mary quickly established herself in the new queen’s household. Even when Queen Mary was widowed in 1515 and returned to England, Mary was permitted to stay behind at the court of Francis I. Her father Thomas, now the ambassador to France, and her sister Anne joined her. Between 1516 and 1519, Mary remained at the French court. While there, she apparently gained a reputation for her romantic behavior, having multiple affairs, including one with King Francis. Modern historians question whether contemporary accounts of her affairs were exaggerated or not; it certainly didn’t help that Francis infamously called her â€Å"a very great whore, the most infamous of all.† The Boleyns (aside from Anne) returned to England sometimes in 1519, and Mary was married to a respectable and wealthy courtier, William Carey, on February 2, 1520. She was given a position as a lady-in-waiting to the queen, Katherine of Aragon. Although King Henry was still fairly happy in his marriage to Katherine, it was well-known at this point that he often had affairs with the ladies of the court. One such affair, with a woman named Bessie Blount, resulted in an illegitimate son: Henry Fitzroy, whom the king acknowledged as his bastard. The queen, who had suffered several miscarriages and stillbirths and was approaching the end of her childbearing years, had no choice but to look the other way. At some point, though historians are unsure as to precisely when, Henry’s gaze fell on Mary, and they began an affair. In the early 1520s, Mary had two children: a daughter, Catherine Carey, and a son, Henry Carey. The rumor that King Henry fathered Catherine, Henry, or both has persisted and gained popularity, but there is no actual evidence behind the theory. The Other Boleyn For a time, Mary was the favorite of the court and the king (and thus of her family). However, in 1522, her sister Anne returned to England and also joined the queen’s court, although she and Mary likely moved in different circles, given Anne’s intense intellectual interests which Mary was not known to share. Anne became one of the more popular ladies at court, and, like so many before her, caught the attention of the king. Unlike others, however, she refused to become his mistress. Many historians have interpreted this as an early sign of her ambitions to be queen, but other scholars have suggested that she simply was uninterested and would have preferred he cease his attention so she could make a good, legitimate match. By 1527, however, Henry had made up his mind to divorce Katherine and marry Anne, and in the meantime, Anne was treated as the de facto queen. Mary’s husband William died when the sweating sickness swept through the court in 1528, leaving her with debts. Anne took over guardianship of Mary’s son Henry, giving him a respectable education, and secured a widow’s pension for Mary. Anne was crowned queen on June 1, 1533, and Mary was one of her ladies. By 1534, Mary had remarried for love to William Stafford, a soldier and the second son of a landowner in Essex. Stafford had little income, and the couple was married in secret. When Mary became pregnant, however, they were forced to reveal their marriage. Queen Anne and the rest of the Boleyn family were furious that she had married without royal permission, and the couple was banished from court. Mary attempted to get the king’s advisor, Thomas Cromwell, to intervene on her behalf, but King Henry either never got the message or was not moved to action. Likewise, the Boleyns did not relent until Anne did; she sent Mary some money but did not reinstate her position at court. Between 1535 and 1536, Mary and William are believed to have had two children of their own: Edward Stafford (who died at the age of ten), and Anne Stafford, whose whereabouts as an adult are lost to history. Final Years and Legacy of Survival By 1536, Queen Anne had fallen out of favor, and she was arrested (along with her brother George and several male courtiers) and charged with treason, witchcraft, and adultery. Mary did not communicate with her family at this time – indeed, there is no record of contact after Anne’s brief gift following Mary’s exile. Anne was executed on May 19, 1536 (her brother had been executed the day prior), and the remains of the Boleyn family were disgraced. Mary, however, escaped notice. She and her family continued to live off their lands. Mary died on July 19, 1543; her specific cause of death is unknown. Mary never returned to court, but her daughter, Catherine Carey, was summoned by the head of the Howard/Boleyn clan to serve as a lady-in-waiting, first to Anne of Cleves, then to her distant cousin Catherine Howard. Eventually, she became the first lady of the bedchamber (a high-ranked lady-in-waiting) to her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I. Through Catherine and her husband Sir Francis Knollys, Mary’s lineage remains in the British royal family to this day: Queen Elizabeth II is her descendant through her mother, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother. Mary was mostly forgotten by history in favor of the more colorful and influential figures of the Tudor era. She featured in a few historical fiction and non-fiction texts, but she gained attention in popular culture following Philippa Gregory’s 2001 novel The Other Boleyn Girl and its subsequent 2008 film adaptation. Because many details of her life were not recorded (she was noble, but not especially important), we only know bits and pieces about her. More than anything, her legacy is not one of being the â€Å"unimportant† Boleyn, but of being the Boleyn who survived and thrived. Sources Gregory, Philippa. The Other Boleyn Girl. Simon Schuster, 2001.Hart, Kelly. The Mistresses of Henry VIII.  The History Press, 2009.Weir, Alison. Mary Boleyn: The Mistress of Kings.  Ballantine Books, 2011.Wilkinson, Josephine. Mary Boleyn: The True Story of Henry VIIIs Favorite Mistress. Amberley, 2009.

The Pros Cons of Becoming a Manager - 1190 Words

Are you deciding if management is right for your career path? This blog will discuss the pros cons of entering management. PRO S There are many positives to being a manager. Managers generally are paid more than others in the company. They appear to have more power. And the power and pay differences tend to give the position more status or prestige. Remuneration: Certainly the top manager in a company gets paid more than anyone else in the company. Managers are generally paid more than everyone in their group as well, but not always. For example an Architect in a project may get paid more than a Project Manager. Smart companies pay their people based on their value to the company, not on their title or position, and in that†¦show more content†¦You have several people within your own organization who want your job and more people on the outside who are after it as well. They may not agree with the decisions you made (see above) or felt they could have made better decisions. You may have actually made a wrong decision and they will use that as leverage to try and push you aside. The higher you go in any organization, the fewer positions there are at that level and the more competition there is for them. Legal Liabilities: Managers have legal liabilities that others don t. Managers frequently have to sign documents, they have to ensure the workplace is free from harassment; they have to keep their people safe. If a manager fails in any of these responsibilities, they may be held legally liable. Restrictions: Managers often have restrictions placed on them because of their position. For example, a normal employee can exercise stock options or trade in the company stock whenever they wish, but the top managers (even in most of the companies their closed ones also restricted) who are involved in making financial results are restricted to windows of time that exclude immediately before and after quarterly financial results are announced. Weighing the Pro s and Con s To decide whether a career in management is right for you, you have to weigh the pros and cons. You have to decide what best suits you and what s best for you, not whatShow MoreRelatedAssessing A Career In Business: Project Management. Project1584 Words   |  7 Pagescreation to competition. The intent of this paper is to assess the role of a project manager and determine if I am well suited for a career in project management. To achieve this goal, I will be discussing the following areas: job description, general career path, education requirements, salary, career outlook, and the pros and cons. I will also be interviewing a colleague that currently working as a project manager to gain a better understanding of typical duties associated with the role. Job DescriptionRead MoreThe Darkside of Whistleblowing1021 Words   |  5 Pagesdo it to feel comfortable in their skin. 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Being a Teenager Free Essays

Being a teenager The teenage years are the years were you try to find out who you are. It’s the best period in life. But it’s also one of the hardest. We will write a custom essay sample on Being a Teenager or any similar topic only for you Order Now By Frederik Handberg Hello I’m Frederik. I want to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of being a teenager. My opinion is that it’s hard to be a â€Å"normal† teenager in 2011. It can get confusing whit all the different situations you have to deal with. But there are also many great things when it comes to being a teenager. And I think that that is very important to remember when you’re young and sometimes can feel a bit down over things in life. I think that teenager’s opinions are being heard in the public space. But they are sometimes being neglected. Because people just think we are a bunch of confused minors. Many teenagers have an opinion to how the world and life should be. But we don’t get influence on the decisions which is taken. People still treat us like a child. And that can sometimes get quite annoying when we try to grow up. Many teenagers see the school as a place where they are forced to be during the day. But that isn’t my opinion. Of course it can be irritating sometimes to get up a rainy day and go to school. But I mostly see the school as a place where you meet your friends. And meet new people. Another thing that approximately all teenagers have wondered about, I think. Is their popularity among their friends in the class. Sometimes you can feel like a complete idiot. And other times feel like you can take on the whole world. When you grow up you will also see that you get more responsibility and control over your own life. Although you can feel that your parents are being more irritating and over protective. And you don’t always see your parent’s decisions as a good thing. I guess that is a part of being a teenager and grow up. Sometimes you believe that your parents only are there to make life miserable for you. And set limits for your growing expression. You sometimes feel that your parents must have forgotten how it was to be a teenager. But in the end I think that you will see that you’re parents only tried to take care of you. And do the best thing possible for you. I think our parents would show us even more confidence, if we managed to have a good relationship to them. It is also in the teenage years that you try to define who you are as a person. In other words, what your identity is. That’s why many teenagers try many different things in these years. That not always is thought through. But if we don’t try we won’t move us and develop us in life. Frederik Handberg, 488 words. How to cite Being a Teenager, Essay examples

Growing Up Essay Example For Students

Growing Up Essay It was my last night at home with my family. My mother went out of her way to make my favorite meal, barbeque chicken. We all sat quietly as if I would never see them again. The time seemed to fly that night as my sister and I washed the dinner dishes and cleared off the table. My father and brothers were in their usual places, watching the evening news. There was very little conversation as we all headed for bed. I knew tomorrow was my big day. Everyone has to grow up sometime, but not everyone realizes they are grown up, until they get their wake up call. It was a dark dreary night raining continuously and storming as if something were telling me not to go. My bag was all packed and waiting by the front door. I lay there in my bed knowing that this was my last night of comfort and serenity in the safety of the home I grew up in. I have never been away from home for more than that week at summer camp. I was scared and couldnt sleep. The whole world seemed to open up to me that night. I tossed and turned listening to the crickets chirp, and the rain hitting the roof. All I could think about was what lie ahead of me. I wondered if I had made the right choice, but there was no way to back out now. My alarm rang at six a.m. I heard my parents rustling about downstairs getting ready to escort me to the airport. The smell of fresh coffee seemed to call to me. I rushed down stairs as usual and waited impatiently for it to stop brewing. My mother quickly pulled the cups out of the cupboard and called to my father to start the car. The road to the airport seemed short. My father pulled into the fire lane to let my mother and me out where he could park the car. I waited in line to check in my baggage and I was trembling in my shoes as the attendant told us, You are at Gate 6 that is around the corner and to the right. We walked slowly. My plane was not to depart until nine a.m. The time came and they began boarding the plane. It was all I could do to mutter Goodbye, Ill write as soon as I can. My mother just kissed me quickly and my father hugged me tight. I started to walk down the gangway, and I saw my mother drop to her knees in tears. I knew if I was ever going to leave, I could not go back; so I just walked straight ahead. I quickly found my seat, covered my face, and cried. As the plane departed, I felt a huge knot in my stomach. It was a nine hour flight to Orlando, Florida. The longest nine hours of my life. I felt like a scared and lonely child. I shut my eyes, and the next thing I remember was waking u p to hear the flight attendant say, Youre here. The wait for the bus seemed to last well into the night. There were several of us waiting for the bus when it finally pulled up to the curb. We had a two hour drive ahead of us which seemed to go pretty quick. I met a lot of new friends like myself, leaving home for the first time. The bus pulled into a long driveway and stopped. A tall, black man stepped on the bus and yelled at us to get off and stand in a single file line. I remember his words just as clear today, Welcome to the United States Navy, Youre children now, but in eight weeks you will leave here adults!It was at that moment it hit me, my wake up call if you will. I knew there was no turning back, no parents to help me. I will make it or I wont. I left home a child and I would return an adult. I was all grown up. .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100 , .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100 .postImageUrl , .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100 , .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100:hover , .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100:visited , .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100:active { border:0!important; } .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100:active , .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100 .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8ee2355232d5ffb71e56d8c3f854f100:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Swimmer By John Cheever EssayEnc 1102, 8amJanuary 28, 2004Narrative EssayGrowing Up